Where does malaria occur in South Africa and how can I prevent infection?

Malaria is a serious and sometimes fatal disease caused by a parasite that infects a certain type of mosquito. You may contract malaria if bitten by an infected mosquito.

Malaria is endemic in some areas of South Africa, namely north-eastern KwaZulu-Natal, parts of Mpumalanga and Limpopo. September to May is considered the malaria season.

Some of the precautionary measures you can take to avoid being bitten by mosquitoes:

  • Mosquitoes which carry malaria generally bite between dusk and dawn. Close windows and doors and remain indoors during this time.
  • Use mosquito repellent on exposed skin.
  • Spray your accommodation with an aerosol insecticide or use mosquito coils.
  • Wear long-sleeved, light-coloured clothing, long trousers and socks.
  • Sleep under a net (preferably impregnated with an approved insecticide) or in a netted tent or use screens to prevent mosquitoes from flying in.
  • Ceiling fans and air conditioners are also effective in preventing mosquito bites.
  • Chemoprophlyaxis help to reduce the chances of getting ill with malaria. These medicines must be taken according to the instructions given by your local medical practitioner or pharmacist.

Malaria symptoms may only develop 10-14 days after being bitten by an infected mosquito. Even if you have taken chemoprophylaxis, you can still contract malaria, and then this incubation period might be longer.

  • Flu-like symptoms such as fever, headache, sweating, fatigue, myalgia (back and limbs), abdominal pain, diarrhoea, appetite loss, nausea and vomiting, could be an indication of malaria.
  • You should seek immediate medical attention if you have flu-like symptoms for up to six months after visiting a malaria area.

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