Centre, Amphitheatre, Union Buildings
17 April 2007
President Mbeki's visit to France
Let me begin with the President's visit to France during which he met with
President Chirac and his delegation on Thursday, 12 April 2007. This was a very
significant visit coming on the eve of the French election and the final days
of President Chirac's tenure as President.
This presented an opportunity to review our past relations and how these can
be taken forward.
The French government has viewed South Africa as a major strategic partner
in Africa. President Chirac assured us that this will be maintained by the new
French President. The French government will do everything possible to
intensify and strengthen relations. The French government stressed the strong
political and economic relations between both countries.
President Chirac expressed his confidence that France and Europe would
continue to support all Africa's development and conflict resolution efforts
and ensure that Africa plays its role in a globalising world.
The French President committed France to supporting New Partnership for
Africa's Development (NEPAD) and indicated that France will continue to ensure
that the NEPAD-Group of Eight (G-8) relationship is continuously strengthened
and increasingly concretised.
In this regard, he expressed his happiness that Africa will remain high on
the G-8 agenda at the next summit to be hosted in Germany. As you know, South
Africa will attend this summit.
He also welcomed the proposed Africa�Europe (EU) Summit to be held in
Portugal in the second half of 2007. As you know this summit has not been held
for many years due to the differences in views of an invitation to Zimbabwe.
President Chirac has indicated that this summit which is absolutely vital to
strengthening relations, will take place by the end of the year.
President Chirac also expressed his desire to see greater co-operation on
the Security Council agenda and indicated that France supported the need to
expand the Security Council and would support the African presence on an
expanded Security Council.
There were extensive discussions on Darfur seeing that President Mbeki had
just concluded his visit to Sudan. President Chirac indicated that the French
government will continue to support all efforts to bring about a solution to
the political, military and humanitarian situation in Darfur in particular and
towards the implementation of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) in
general. President Mbeki briefed President Chirac in terms of the
implementation of the CPA seeing that he had discussed this thoroughly while in
Sudan. We agreed that both countries would remain in close contact in terms of
the implementation of the CPA and the Darfur situation.
As you know, France has a special interest in Cote d'Ivoire and this matter
was discussed by Presidents Mbeki and Chirac. Both Presidents welcomed the
Ouagadougou Agreement and indicated that this opened up the way for the
implementation of all necessary agreements for free and fair elections in Cote
d'Ivoire and to bring the national reconciliation process to its conclusion. We
have agreed that to remain in touch to ensure this process is successfully
concluded.
President Chirac then briefed us of the Security Council decisions on
Lebanon and indicated that France strongly supported the establishment of an
international court that will aim to determine those responsible for the
assassinations of Hariri and other political leaders.
It was a very good visit and I believe that Africa will remain on the French
agenda no matter who wins the forthcoming elections.
Singapore State visit to South Africa
President Thabo Mbeki will on Thursday, 19 April 2007, host his Singaporean
counterpart President Sellapan Ramanathan, who will be the first Singaporean
Head of State to pay a State visit to South Africa for bilateral political and
economic discussions at the Union Buildings in Pretoria.
President Nathan will visit South Africa from Wednesday to Thursday, 18 to
26 April 2007 and is expected to visit Cape Town, Port Elizabeth, and
Durban.
This is a very important visit for South Africa since Singapore is an
important member of the Indian Ocean Rim of which we are also part. Singapore
has also played a leading role in the formulation of the New Asia-Africa
Strategic Partnership (NAASP) which was adopted in 2005 in Indonesia. This
partnership mandated all Asian and African countries to give expression to
their political relations by expanding trade and economic relations. This visit
will therefore, outside of the political relations, focus on the economic
aspect of bilateral relations.
As you know Singapore is a very important player in South East Asia and I
believe we will learn from the experience of Singapore who has within a very
short period of time, become a very successful economic story.
It also occupies a top position in terms of South Africa's total trade in
the region and plays a major role within Association of Southeast Asian Nations
(ASEAN) which we believe could facilitate a broader free trade agreement
between ASEAN and the Southern African Customs Union (SACU).
Our trade and investment figures are growing. We believe that while there is
a very impressive development in this relationship, the scope for extending
this relationship is much greater and we hope the business community will use
this opportunity to investigate ways of strengthening this relationship.
Minister Dlamini Zuma to hold discussions with counterpart from Niger
South African Foreign Minister Dr Nkosazana Dlamini Zuma will on Wednesday,
18 April 2007, hold bilateral political and economic discussions with her
counterpart from Niger, Minister of Foreign Affairs, Co-operation and African
Integration, Mrs Aichatou Mindaoudou at the Presidential Guesthouse in
Pretoria.
This will present an opportunity to have discussions on a series of issues,
our bilateral relations and political developments in west and southern Africa
including C�te d'Ivoire and the forthcoming Nigerian elections and indeed how
we can move together towards achieving the African agenda.
College killing in United States of America (USA)
The South African government expresses shock at the massacre of college
students at the Virginia Tech University in the USA.
This is a very shocking event which does highlight some serious
dysfunctionality in many societies around the world. We hope that the necessary
lessons will be learnt from such tragedies that are becoming an increasing
phenomenon in many countries in the western world.
Our heartfelt thoughts and prayers are with the bereaved families.
Bombings in Algeria
South African government statement on the Algerian bomb blasts
The South African government has expressed its sadness, shock and outrage at
the spate of bomb blasts that hit Algeria, today, Wednesday, 11 April 2007
claiming at least the lives of 17 people with more than 100 sustaining
injuries. In this regard the government strongly condemns this callous and
cowardly act and extends its heartfelt condolences to the government and the
people of Algeria, members and friends of the bereaved families and wishes
those wounded a speedy recovery.
We hope that the recent spate of violence that has occurred in North Africa
can be dealt with quite decisively before it begins unsettling a very important
part of Africa and impeding the achievement of the African agenda.
Statement by Secretary-General on bombings in Algeria
The Secretary-General strongly condemns the terrorist bombings that occurred
today in Algeria, killing and wounding many innocent civilians in what has been
reported as an attempt against the Prime Minister, Abdelaziz Belkhadem. He
extends his sincere condolences to the government and people of Algeria and in
particular, to the families of the victims.
The Secretary-General believes this deplorable incident, the latest in a
series of similar attacks in the Maghreb region as a whole, shows the need for
concerted international action against terrorism which has the effect of
undermining the normal functioning of societies and disrupting the lives of
ordinary people.
European Union (EU) Presidency statement on the attacks in Algiers
The EU Presidency was shocked to hear of today's attacks on the Prime
Minister's office in the centre of Algiers and on a police station.
The Presidency most strongly condemns these attacks which have claimed
numerous lives and injured well over 100 people.
The Presidency conveys its heartfelt sympathy to the families of the victims
and wishes those who have been injured a speedy recovery.
Statement by USA government
The United States (US) condemns the terrorist attacks that occurred
yesterday, April 10, in Casablanca involving suicide bombers and today's bomb
attacks in Algiers. These horrific acts indiscriminately killed members of the
security services and civilians alike. We extend our deepest sympathies to the
victims of these atrocities, their families and the people of Algeria and
Morocco. We stand with the Moroccan and Algerian people and their governments
in the struggle against extremism and violence and support their efforts to
secure a future of peace. There is no political justification for the murder of
innocent lives.
Zimbabwe
Senior Southern African Development Community (SADC) officials in
Zimbabwe
The Executive Secretary of the SADC key economic bloc arrived in Zimbabwe
Wednesday, 11 April 2007, to identify what would be needed for an economic
rescue package for the country. The Executive Secretary of SADC was tasked to
undertake a study on the country's deteriorating economic situation by an
extraordinary SADC summit held from 28 to 29 March 2007 in Dar es Salaam. The
SADC economic rescue initiative is aimed at assisting the government of
Zimbabwe to revive itself from the current economic challenges, with an
inflation rate of more than 1 700%. We will now await his report.
Comments by Movement of Democratic Change (MDC) leader Morgan Tsvangirai
The South African government welcomes the comments by the Zimbabwe
opposition leader Morgan Tsvangirai who expressed optimism on Thursday, 12
April 2007, about planned talks between his party and President Robert Mugabe's
government to end the crisis in the country.
"This crisis is going to be resolved through negotiations," MDC leader
Tsvangirai told a news conference in Harare.
"And Zimbabwe African Union Patriotic Front (Zanu-PF) and MDC will sit down
and negotiate under the tutelage and under the facilitation of South African
President Thabo Mbeki."
"Things are moving. We want to see how President Mbeki is going to
successfully resolve this crisis and we wish him well."
He confirmed receiving a letter from Mbeki on the planned talks but declined
to elaborate on the correspondence. (Note from Deputy Minister: President Mbeki
had sent letters to the Secretaries-General of both factions of the MDC
detailing how he intended to proceed with the mediation.)
Comment by Deputy Minister Pahad
The South African government awaits the responses of the Secretaries-General
to President Mbeki's letter. We are now in the pre-mediation phase. We have
received an initial draft from the Secretaries-General of the MDC as to how
they see the processes unfolding. The facilitation is in the process of
studying this whereupon President Mbeki will determine a programme of action in
the coming period.
Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)
Jean Pierre Bemba left the South African Compound in Kinshasa on Tuesday, 10
April 2007, for Portugal where he is expected to receive medical attention.
This came after the government of the DRC had granted Mr Bemba permission to
seek medical care in Portugal. Mr Bemba was accompanied by his wife and
children.
The political and security situation in the DRC remains calm.
The DRC Parliament held its first sitting of Parliament since the breakout
of violence on 22 to 23 March 2007. During the session, the National Assembly
speaker, Vital Kamerhe urged that an inquiry be held into the events of 22 to
23 March 2007 and the perpetrators be identified and punished. However, it must
be emphasised that this should be conducted under the aegis of the rule of
law.
On a positive step towards consolidation of peace and security in the
volatile East of the DRC, Peter Karim, the last active militia leader in the
Ituri district has formally integrated into the DRC national army. This is seen
as an important achievement towards lasting peace and stability in the DRC.
Karim's eventual surrender followed intensive negotiations between the DRC
government and the FNI, Karim's militia, since July 2006. South Africa supports
the reform of the DRC's armed forces. The Security Sector Reform process needs
to be speeded up resulting in a unified national army capable of protecting
that country's sovereignty.
Boycott of Parliament by Movement for the Liberation of Congo (MLC)
The MLC said on Saturday, 14 April 2007, that it had taken the step to
protest against the harassment and intimidation of its members and supporters
by the State's security forces.
"We the elected representatives of the opposition consider the current
climate of permanent insecurity does not permit us to work in the serenity that
the mandate of a member of parliament requires," Thomas Luhaka, MLC National
Executive Secretary said in a statement.
"This is why we feel obliged to suspend, effective now and until further
notice, our participation in the work of this National Assembly, until proper
security conditions are established."
Luhaka said the party's decision not to participate in parliament was taken
after the home of one of the party's member's of parliament (MPs) was ransacked
by about a dozen republican guards.
He added that there was a "targeted and programmed operation" against MLC
members.
An MLC spokesman said the party's suspension of National Assembly activities
did not affect senators, who are expected to vote on whether to lift Bemba's
immunity once the Supreme Court approves bylaws for the Senate which could take
another week.
Security Council extends mission in the DRC until 15 May by unanimously
adopting resolution 1751
The Security Council
* Recalling its resolutions and the statements of its President concerning
the DRC,
* Reaffirming its commitment to the sovereignty, territorial integrity and
political independence of the DRC and its commitment to continue to contribute
to the consolidation of peace and stability in the DRC in the post-transition
period, in particular through the United Nations Organisation Mission in the
DRC (MONUC),
* Noting that the situation in the DRC continues to pose a threat to
international peace and security in the region,
* Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations (UN):
1. Decides to extend the mandate and personnel strength of the United
Nations Mission in the Congo (MONUC) as set out in its resolutions 1565 (2004),
1592 (2005), 1596 (2005), 1621 (2005), 1635 (2005) and 1736 (2006) until 15 May
2007.
2. Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.
Background
Before the council was the Secretary-General's 23rd report on the MONUC
(document S/2007/156), dated 20 March 2007, which covers major developments
since his report of 21 September 2006 (document S/2006/759) and provides his
recommendations for the mission's future mandate.
The Secretary-General recommends that the Security Council approve the
post-transition mandate for MONUC, to include a military component of 17 030
personnel and 760 military observers and a civilian police component of 391
police advisers and six formed police units of 125 members each (all ranks)
until 31 December 2007. MONUC would continue to operate as a fully integrated
mission in which its work and that of the UN country team reinforce and
complement each other.
Outlining a post-transition mandate for MONUC in Section IV of the report,
the Secretary-General notes that while the DRC has entered a new political era
significant core stabilisation tasks in the mission's current mandate remain to
be completed. They include the creation of a stable security environment;
disarmament, demobilisation and reintegration of Congolese combatants and
support for the large and complex local election process. During the next
phase, MONUC will also have to play a strong role in supporting the
consolidation of democracy, maximise its contributions to security sector
reform, contribute to the normalisation of regional relations and help ensure
the achievement of significant benchmarks in key areas identified in
consultation with the government.
Therefore, the Secretary-General proposes the principal elements of the
mission's mandate would be to assist the government in building a stable
security environment, consolidating democracy, planning security sector reform
and participating in its early stages; protecting human rights and
strengthening the rule of law, the protection of civilians and the conduct of
local elections. In all areas of its work, MONUC would emphasise the role of
civil society in political dialogue and decision making, ensuring a rights
based approach and the implementation of Security Council resolutions 1325
(2000) on women and peace and security and 1612 (2005) regarding the protection
of children.
An operational plan for MONUC's gradual downsizing and eventual withdrawal,
the Secretary-General stresses will require clear linkages between the
achievement of key benchmarks and the handover of responsibility to other
actors including the government, agencies, funds and programmes of the UN, the
World Bank and multilateral stakeholders. Following the multidisciplinary
technical assessment mission to the DRC to be conducted by the Secretariat
before September, the Secretary-General intends to report to the Security
Council in November on benchmarks in key sectors and tentative timetables for
achieving them which would guide the mission's gradual and phased
withdrawal.
The Secretary-General observes that with the successful conduct of the 2006
elections and the installation of the new government, the DRC has reached an
historic turning point. In his inaugural speech, President Joseph Kabila
captured the significance of the moment in calling for respect for democratic
principles, tolerance and inclusiveness and for setting visionary goals for
reducing poverty and raising living standards. However, the government now
faces the daunting task of realising its ambitious programme for 2007 to 2011.
By including the "governance contract" in that programme, the government
expressed its commitment to governance principles endorsed by the Congolese
people and the international community.
According to the report, the largely peaceful and orderly passage from the
transition period to the new dispensation has not been without cause for
concern, including alleged widespread electoral corruption believed to have
influenced results in several gubernatorial contests. Furthermore, the
narrowing of the political space for an effective political opposition
including the exclusion of opposition members from the bureau of the National
Assembly as well as the incitement to violence by some members of opposition
parties, represent troubling tendencies that, if not reversed, threaten the
country's nascent democracy.
Strongly urging Congolese political leaders to respect the principles of
transparency, inclusiveness and tolerance of dissent, the Secretary-General
stresses also that opposition leaders should adhere to those same democratic
norms, voicing their views responsibly and without resort to violence. Failure
to adhere to democratic principles would seriously undermine the credibility
and ultimate legitimacy of the political leaders and institutions.
Assisting the DRC in addressing the security challenges posed by armed
groups in the east will remain a core element of the MONUC mandate, the report
states. In the Ituri district, strong government efforts remain vital to
ensuring the entry of all remaining militia elements into disarmament,
demobilisation and reintegration including through continued military pressure
by the Congolese Armed Forces supported by MONUC.
Commending efforts by the DRC and Rwanda to resolve problems posed by the
forces of renegade commander Laurent Nkunda and other armed elements, the
Secretary-General urges the Congolese government to develop a coherent plan for
achieving security in the east including through the completion of disarmament,
demobilisation and reintegration which should be accompanied by efforts to
promote national reconciliation, recovery and development in the region. MONUC
will continue to work closely with the Congolese Armed Forces to end the threat
posed by the Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR) and
non-integrated militias, including the Mayi Mayi and other groups. The FDLR
problem should be addressed through a combination of political engagement,
military dissuasion and possible relocation. Furthermore, the presence of the
Lord's Resistance Army in the north-eastern DRC remains a destabilising element
in the region that must be addressed with determination. The UN continues to
support Uganda's efforts to address this problem.
Finally, the Secretary-General states that the establishment of the new
government offers an opportunity for the DRC to normalise relations with
neighbouring States and urges the country to establish diplomatic relations
with them as soon as possible. The recently signed pact on security, stability
and development in the Great Lakes region offers a promising mechanism for
regional cooperation and the parliaments of the signatory States should ensure
its early ratification.
Comment by South African government
It is our view that the extension until 15 May 2007 is not sufficient,
especially in light of the report by the Secretary-General outlined above.
We are a bit disappointed that there was no consensus to have the proposed
extension to 31 December 2007 accepted at this session. We will continue to
ensure that on the basis of this report we will support the extension until 31
December this year and if necessary, until next year.
We have always warned that in post-conflict situations, if the UN troops are
withdrawn too early then the danger of regression into conflict is very real.
We will therefore continue to argue that the Security Council should not take
decisions that could prove problematic.
Burundi
Peace Process
The government of Burundi and the Paliphehutu-Forces for National Liberation
(FNL) have agreed there must be consultations about issues the FNL has raised,
inter alia, what will happen to the movement in future and their leadership and
combatants.
President Pierre Nkurunziza has agreed to explain to the rebels what
positions he could offer and which the constitution ruled out.
The date of the meeting has not been finalised.
Visit to Burundi by UN Peace-building Commission (PBC)
An eight-member delegation from the newly established UN Peace-building
Commission visited Burundi last week in a bid to help consolidate stability
there.
Led by Ambassador Johan L Lovald, Permanent Representative of Norway to the
UN, the delegation concluded its four-day trip on 14 April.
Conclusion of Visit
The UN PBC is committed to supporting Burundi including by helping mobilise
resources to fight poverty Ambassador Johan L Lovald, said in Bujumbura on 14
April 2007.
"I have reiterated the strong support of the UN PBC to the government and
people of Burundi concerning ongoing efforts to consolidate peace," Ambassador
Johan L�vald told reporters after wrapping up a four-day visit to Burundi.
The eight-member delegation from the PBC met with the President, government
ministers and other officials as well as representatives of civil society,
women's groups, the private sector and religious communities.
"I have reiterated the commitment of the PBC to work with the government and
other stakeholders within our mandate to assist in resource mobilisation in the
fight to eradicate poverty and promote community recovery," Ambassador L�vald
said.
From the meetings, he said the PBC delegation learned of the country's
determination to "deal with the problem of poverty and the need to secure a
better future for all, not least the young generation," he added.
Government officials also appealed for participation in a planned donor
conference to be held in May. "We also received a uniform message for increased
resources for development," Ambassador L�vald said.
He noted that in meetings with government officials, he stressed the
importance of adhering to all peace agreements as well as promoting "inclusive
political dialogue, human rights and good governance."
Sudan
President Mbeki's visit to Sudan
President Mbeki visited Sudan with two objectives:
* To discuss the implementation of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA).
There is an agreement that President Mbeki will at regular intervals hold
discussion with President el-Bashir and Vice President Salva Kirr on this
implementation of the CPA.
* To discuss the Darfur situation with regard to the African Union (AU)-UN
Hybrid Force.
President Mbeki on conclusion of his visit to Sudan on the issue of a hybrid
force for Darfur said, "There are some final negotiations that will take place
between the UN, the AU and the Sudanese government. I'm quite confident that
those matters will be resolved."
Sudan accepts AU-UN Hybrid Force for Darfur
Sudanese Foreign Minister Lam Akol said on Monday, 16 April 2007, that
Khartoum had fully accepted the second phase of a UN plan to bolster a
peacekeeping operation in Darfur, including the deployment of helicopter
gunships.
"Sudan has accepted the second phase of the agreement of UN support for the
African force," Akol told a news conference.
"The meeting in Addis Ababa was decisive and its results constitute a
breakthrough," said Akol of talks between the UN, the AU and Khartoum in the
Ethiopian capital on 9 April.
Sudan's acceptance "opens the door to new phases and is now in the UN's
camp."
Akol said that Khartoum had also agreed that the chain of command for the
second phase conform to UN practises.
"We are waiting for the UN to decide the financing of this phase so that we
can ask African countries for their troop contributions," he said.
Secretary-General welcomes agreement by Sudan on UN Heavy Support package
for AU mission there
The Secretary-General has received the letter from the government of Sudan
confirming its agreement on the entire heavy support package of the UN
assistance to the AU Mission in Sudan (AMIS) and welcomes it.
The Secretary-General is encouraged by this development and intends to move
expeditiously with the deployment, in close co-operation with the AU. He
affirms his intention to consult with the government of Sudan and expects the
latter to urgently provide the land and other facilities necessary for the
deployment of the heavy support package, including permission to explore for
water and meet all operational requirements. He encourages the troops and
police providers as well as all donors to contribute generously towards the
earliest possible strengthening of the peacekeeping operation in Darfur. At the
same time, he urges that hostilities on the ground be stopped without any
further delay.
The UN will intensify its efforts to implement the Addis and Abuja
agreements aimed at an inclusive political process and the provision of
effective protection of the population in order to alleviate humanitarian
suffering in Darfur, in close consultation with the AU. It will also maintain
close contact with the League of Arab States.
Meeting between UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-Moon and Chair of AU Commission
Alpha Omar Konare
Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon held talks yesterday Monday, 16 April 2007, at
the UN Headquarters with the head of the AU Alpha Omar Konare on the latest
political, humanitarian and security developments in Darfur before they jointly
met council members for informal discussions. Special envoys for the Darfur
crisis for the UN and AU respectively, Jan Eliasson of and Salim Ahmed Salim
also participated in the talks.
Speaking to reporters after that meeting, Mr Ban thanked the efforts of many
world leaders including the leaders of Saudi Arabia, the US, China and South
Africa as well as Mr Konar� and the head of the League of Arab States.
"This is a very positive sign," he said of the Sudanese acceptance letter.
"The people in Darfur have suffered too much and too long."
United Nations Mission in Sudan (UNMIS) condemns killing of AU Peacekeeper
in Darfur
It is still a matter of concern that troops in the AU mission are being
attacked and killed. It is therefore a matter of urgency that the agreement on
the hybrid force is implemented soonest.
The UNMIS on Monday, 16 April 2007, spoke out against the weekend killing of
an AU soldier serving with the AMIS, the latest in a series of attacks
prompting calls for all sides to improve the security situation in the strife
torn region.
UNMIS "strongly condemns the killing of an AMIS Officer on 14 April 2007
near the AMIS camp in El Fasher by unknown armed men," the mission said in a
statement released in Khartoum.
The mission said it is "deeply concerned about the repeated attacks against
AMIS personnel that resulted in 10 deaths since the beginning of the year as
well as several car jacking" and called on all parties to immediately halt
these acts.
The sides were also called on "to respect fully the agreements they have
signed to improve the security situation in Darfur".
UNMIS urged all parties to identify and hold responsible the perpetrators of
the attacks.
Libya to host summit on Darfur
Ali Abdel Salam Triki, Libya's Deputy Foreign Minister said on Friday, 13
April 2007, "A conference on Darfur will take place on 28 April with
representatives of the US, Britain, Sudan, Chad, Eritrea, the AU and EU."
Declaration by the Presidency on behalf of the EU concerning recent
developments in Darfur
The EU is particularly concerned about the direct clashes between the
Chadian and Sudanese armies that took place on 9 April.
The EU calls on the authorities of Chad and Sudan to exercise restraint and
to return to observing the commitments in the Tripoli Declaration. The EU urges
the two sides to do everything possible to avoid an escalation at the frontier,
which would lastingly damage the peace efforts in Darfur and would further
exacerbate the suffering of the people of Darfur and eastern Chad.
In this context the EU condemns the continuing attacks against the AMIS,
most recently on 10 April near Sortony in northern Darfur, which it considers
to be deliberate violations of the ceasefire in force and of the UN Security
Council resolutions on Sudan. The EU presents its sincere condolences to the
family of the Rwandan soldier killed during the latest attack.
These new incidents demonstrate once again the gravity of the situation and
the extent of the regional dimension of the Darfur crisis. They underline the
urgent need for the hybrid force to be deployed in Darfur and for a UN
operation in eastern Chad.
The candidate countries Turkey, Croatia and the former Yugoslav Republic of
Macedonia, the countries of the stabilisation and association process and
potential candidates Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Serbia and the
European Free Trade Area (EFTA) countries Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway,
members of the European Economic Area (EEA) as well as Ukraine and the Republic
of Moldova align themselves with this declaration.
Croatia and the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia continue to be part of
the stabilisation and association process.
Sudanese President Omar al-Beshir said on conclusion of discussions with
President Mbeki in Khartoum that he was counting on South African mediation to
help contain tensions with Chad after recent border clashes between Sudan and
its eastern neighbour.
"President Mbeki has always had contacts with Chad on ways to contain the
tensions between both our countries and these contacts are continuing," said
Beshir.
"God willing, these contacts will yield positive results," he said a day
after an incursion by the Chadian army into Sudanese territory in pursuit of
rebels.
Comments by under Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs John Holmes
Under Secretary-General for the UN's office for the Co-ordination of
Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) John Holmes has warned that at the current rate, if
the situation in Sudan's Darfur region continues over half the population in
the region could be displaced within the next 18 months.
During his briefing to the UN Security Council on his trip to Sudan, Chad
and the Central African Republic (CAR), Holmes spoke of his meetings with
government leaders in all three countries where he stressed the responsibility
of each government to protect its population.
Humanitarian efforts on the part of the international community need to be
accelerated in order to ease the burden of the refuges displaced people and the
local inhabitants whose resources are stretched, he said.
Central African Republic (CAR)
"Humanitarian organisations estimate that one million central Africans
around one fourth of the population are in need of humanitarian assistance and
it is clear that the humanitarian response is still insufficient," said Holmes,
citing the lack of infrastructure including roads as one of the reasons for the
delay in providing aid.
"There's an urgent need in the CAR, where tools and seeds are needed for the
people living in the bush. There are sufficient funds available to do that. The
problems are not so much funding as infrastructure and logistics in a very
difficult part of the world where there are virtually no roads and it's hard to
get there, to find people. They are not in camps, they are scattered all over
the bush," he added.
But the solution for CAR, as with other countries in the region, is two
pronged: dealing with the political situation and security issues.
After meeting civilians in the CAR bush, Holmes said that it was not just
rebels that were responsible for the insecurity, but also the CAR Armed Forces
(FACA) and the presidential guard. Part of a plan would be to get the groups to
consent to a ceasefire in order to start negotiations for a durable political
solution, he said.
Better security is necessary, especially on the borders with the Sudanese
region of Darfur and a professional army could help protect the civilian
population and respect their human rights.
"Another possibility could be to demand that the AU and Central African
Economic and Monetary Community (CEMAC) look into the possibility of
reinforcing the mandate of (their) 380 Military Force of the Central Africa
Economic and Monetary Community (FOMUC) soldiers. This could include, for
example, monitoring military activities in the north and the surrounding
borders," said Holmes.
Chad
The situation in Chad has "significantly degraded" since the council visited
the country in 2006 according to Holmes especially in eastern Chad where the
number of displaced rose from 50 000 to 140 000 in just a few months.
Those in refugee and Internally Displaced Persons (IDP) camps have been
forcibly recruited into the fighting including children said Holmes. Chadian
locals have been hosting Darfur refugees and Chadian IDPs and this has
stretched their natural resources, especially water to the limit.
"The humanitarian response must be stronger, faster and more strategic,"
Holmes told the council. He envisions a long term plan that will directly help
those in need, prioritising the relocation of the refugee camps that are
currently exposed to attacks.
The United Kingdom (UK) ambassador to the UN, Emyr Jones Parry agreed. "We
need to see the adequate protection of civilians and above all sanctuary for
those in UN camps," he said after the Holmes briefing, referring to the attacks
last week in the villages of Tiero and Marena that killed at least 65 people
and wounded 70, according to the UN refugee agency.
Holmes met with Chadian Prime Minister, Delwa Coumakoye, where he stressed
the urgency for "the Chadian government to begin to fight (those committing
crimes with) impunity and offer as it is necessary, protection to the Chadian
people and the refugees in eastern Chad". While Coumakoye agreed in principle,
he reiterated to Holmes that a robust police force would be acceptable but not
a peacekeeping force.
"An international security presence is, as I understand it and as it was
indicated in the Secretary-General's report on the subject, indispensable to
assure the protection of refugees and displaced persons in eastern Chad," said
Holmes.
Holmes has proposed an urgent 90-day plan to be implemented before the rainy
season to offer aid to the people hardest hit by the violence. Currently the UN
appeal for Chad has only received 23 percent of the US $174 million needed.
"Signs of optimism in Chad? I did not see signs of optimism in Chad. I think
the problems there remain very serious and are getting worse," said Holmes.
Darfur
"One of the saddest facts of the (last) three years is that the people who
were in the camps then are still there today, no doubt beginning to lose hope
of ever being able to return to their homes and former lives," said Holmes,
during his briefing on Darfur. He spoke of his visits to the camps and of
stories he had heard such as the rape of two young girls by police
officers.
"As I walked through As Salaam camp near El Fasher, in North Darfur,
hundreds of little boys and girls trailed in my wake. I couldn't help but
wonder how many might yet suffer this horror," he said.
"Acts of brutality which occur every single day force the population to flee
their homes," said French Ambassador, Jean-Marc de la Sabliere. "We recall that
a generalised climate of violence is occurring in Darfur and Sudanese security
forces are not taking charge of their responsibility towards civilians," he
added.
As the crisis in Darfur continues, Holmes asked how long the humanitarian
effort can continue and for long Darfur bear the human cost. Although Sudan's
President Bashir promised the UN Secretary-General, Ban Ki-moon in January that
humanitarian access would be forthcoming it remains a factor according to
Holmes.
Holmes was denied access to Kassab camp in the northern part of the region.
"One can easily imagine (the) daily struggles faced by aid workers on the
ground in Darfur," he commented.
Violence against aid workers is also a major factor, he said referring to a
government raid on an non-governmental organisation (NGO) compound in Nyala in
January. Twenty people including NGO workers, UN and African Mission in Sudan
(AMIS) staff were arrested and abused.
"The humanitarian community feels rightly, doubly victimised in this
incident," said Holmes, who noted that while he asked for charges to be dropped
against the workers, it "does not look like the symbol of cooperation the
international community is expecting".
The problem lies in the Sudanese government's belief that aid staff is
engaged in "inappropriate 'political' behaviour", whereby aid workers advise
civilians of their human rights, Holmes told the council.
"In other words giving food and shelter is acceptable, speaking out about
violations of humanitarian law is not," he said.
Speaking to reporters, Holmes said no one can be absolved of harming
civilians and aid workers: not the rebels, nor the government forces.
"The response I had from rebel leaders was very encouraging as far as it
went. They entirely accepted the need to respect humanitarian workers and made
promises that whenever they were told about humanitarian vehicles that were
stolen they would do their best to get them back," he said.
Translating these promises into reality is another matter, however, as
Holmes acknowledged that rebel movements are increasingly fragmented on the
ground.
Holmes went on to describe the difficulties in resolving issues that affect
Darfur, Chad and CAR.
"If we are going to solve the individual conflicts in a lasting way, we need
a regional approach where the issues are tackled as far as possible in
parallel."
That said, while the desire to blame the regional crisis entirely on
Khartoum may be strong each individual government needs to itself. "In other
words, there have to be national solutions in addition to the regional
approach," concluded Holmes.
Somalia
South Africa continues to be very concerned about the violence in
Somalia.
It is estimated that at least 1 086 people were killed in four days of
recent heavy clashes between Ethiopian forces and Islamist fighters backed by
clan militia in Mogadishu.
The fighting which erupted late last month left an estimated 4 334 people
wounded.
Damage to property by the heavy fighting was an estimated "$1,5
billion."
Comment by South African government
We do hope that there too political action can be taken to help stop the
violence. This is the worst violence since the conflict broke out 15 years ago.
It is clear that there are fundamental problems that must be looked at. A
military solution is not possible.
Postponement of Peace and Reconciliation Conference
On Sunday, the chairperson of a committee planning a peace and
reconciliation conference, Ali Mahdi Mohmamed, said the meeting would now be
held 14 June 2007.
"We are trying to reconcile the Somali clans and we are waiting for
international support," Ali Mahdi Mohmamed said on Sunday.
Comment by South African government
It is my view that this delay is a very volatile military situation is very
unfortunate and we must urgently attempt to fast track this reconciliation
conference.
Union of Islamic Courts (UIC) negotiations with Somalia interim
government
A senior leader of the UIC has offered to negotiate with Somalia's interim
government if its Ethiopian allies leave the country.
"The Somalis are now more united that before proving that they are one
nation against the Ethiopian invaders."
"Somalia is a 100% Islamic nation and Somalis do love Islam and like to deal
with Islamists."
Comments by under Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs John Holmes
Under Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs John Holmes said with
fighting in Somalia is at its heaviest since the outbreak of war over a decade
ago, he is deeply concerned over the dire situation in the war torn country
where civilians fleeing the capital, Mogadishu, have been harassed, threatened,
raped and robbed.
The fragile ceasefire between warring sides agreed to on 1 April crumbled
when the fighting resumed yesterday in Mogadishu.
"Although it seemed that there was some hope, it took only days for the
truce to be broken and the suffering of the population to be on the rise
again," he said.
Last month in Mogadishu, hundreds of civilians were killed and more than 1
000 wounded were registered in the city's two main hospitals. Almost 200 000
people have fled Mogadishu because of the bloodshed since 1 February.
The UN Office for the Co-ordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) reported
that aid workers are being thwarted in their efforts to assist IDPs and other
vulnerable groups by the deteriorating security situation, harassment,
intimidation and even detention.
Relief providers are further hampered by the difficulty in accessing aid
supplies in Mogadishu because of the military's presence and activities.
"These incidents compromise the independent and impartial nature of the
humanitarian response," said Mr Holmes. "Indeed, they are paralysing the
response."
Violence in the capital has increased since the Transitional Federal
Government (TFG), backed by Ethiopian forces, dislodged the Union of Islamic
Courts (UIC) from Mogadishu and much of the rest of the country at the end of
last year. Mortar rounds and other fire have since killed many civilians in
residential areas and settlements housing 250 000 IDPs.
Cote d'Ivore
Things are moving positively with a real possibility of completing the
political process. Cote d'Ivoire's new Prime Minister, Guillaume Soro, leader
of the New Forces rebel group, has formed a government whose task would be to
reunite the divided country and lead the way to elections by the end of the
year.
The new government is comprised of 11 ministers from President Laurent
Gbagbo's Ivorian Popular Front and seven from the New Forces. Five posts each
go to the two leading opposition parties � the Rally of Republicans of former
Prime Minister Alassane Ouattara and the Democratic Party of Cote d'Ivoire of
former president Henri Konan Bedie.
There are four women in the cabinet, down from five under former Prime
Minister Charles Konan Banny. The United Nations (UN) said last week that
beginning on 16 April peacekeepers would begin their phased withdrawal from the
buffer zone by leaving their checkpoints and going to observation posts within
the zone. The new peace agreement stipulates that the number of observation
posts will be reduced by half each month. The peacekeepers are to be replaced
by a united Ivorian Defence force.
Additionally, on Wednesday, 11 April 2007, the government, rival armed
groups and international peacekeepers agreed on a schedule to dismantle the
country's buffer zone. "Dismantling the buffer zone is expected to begin on 16
April at midnight. However, the process should not involve major upheaval on
the ground. It will allows Ivorian across the country not be restricted while
entering and leaving this zone," the United Nations force in Cote d'Ivoire
(ONUCI) said in a statement.
The accord specifies that 11 000 UN and French forces monitoring the area
would be reduced by half every two months until their complete withdrawal. They
will be replaced by joint patrols of Ivorian army and former rebel's
declaration by the Presidency on behalf of the European Union on the Formation
of the New Government in Cote d'Ivoire.
The European Union takes note of the formation of the new government in Cote
d'Ivoire on Saturday, 7 April 2007 and welcomes its commitment to peace. The
European Union invites the new government and the President of the Republic of
Cote d'Ivoire to become involved resolutely in the implementation of the action
advocated in the political agreement concluded in Ouagadougou on Sunday, 4
March 2007, in order to re-launch the peace process defined by UN Security
Council (UNSC) Resolution 1721.
With a view to finding a rapid solution to the crisis affecting the whole
country, the European Union calls on the parties to move forward on the key
issues, including: identification of the population, Defence and Security
Forces issues, the DDR (disarmament, demobilisation and reintegration)
programme and the organisation as early as possible of free, fair, open,
democratic and transparent elections.
The European Union will continue to accompany Cote d'Ivoire on the road to
consolidating peace and development. The candidate countries Turkey, Croatia
and the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, the Countries of the
Stabilisation and Association Process and potential candidates Albania, Bosnia
and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Serbia and the European Free Trade Area (EFTA)
countries Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway, members of the European Economic
Area, as well as Ukraine and the Republic of Moldova align themselves with this
declaration.
Amnesty
President Laurent Gbagbo signed the amnesty into law on Thursday, 12 April
2007, opening the way for thousands of Ivorians wanted for crimes committed
during the 2002 to 2003 civil war to return home. The law covers crimes
committed by soldiers and civilians living in the country and abroad, but
excludes war crimes and economic crimes in what was once a thriving African
economy.
The text grants amnesty from prosecution for all crimes against the state
dating back to 17 September 2000, the day the home of then military ruler
Robert Guei, sparking the opening rounds of the civil war. The law also says
that compensation will be paid to all victims of the crimes it covers. "The
modalities of compensation, reparations and rehabilitation will be fixed by
law," it said.
Middle East
Talks between Palestinian President and Israeli Prime Minister
Mahmoud Abbas, the Palestinian President and Ehud Olmert, the Israeli Prime
Minister, have held the first of a series of fortnightly talks aimed at moving
the peace process forward. For the first time in six years the two leaders
discussed the future shape of a Palestinian state, in what officials described
as "frank and positive" discussions. The two leaders also discussed a possible
prisoner swap, exchanging Gilad Shalit, the Israeli soldier held by Palestinian
groups, for thousands of Palestinian prisoners held by Israel.
"Prime Minister Olmert said it was important for Abu Mazen to use his full
weight on the issue," a senior Israeli government official told Olivier
Laban-Mattei (AFP) news agency. Olmert and Abbas will hold their next meeting
in the West Bank town of Jericho before the end of the month.
Comments by Israeli Government
Miri Eisen, Olmert's spokewoman, said: "It was a positive meeting, part of
the ongoing dialogue which helps build confidence between the Israeli and
Palestinian leadership." They talked a bit about the political horizon," Eisin
said, citing "economic ideas that can be implemented."
She added that "final-status" issues were not raised in the first half of
the session, also attended by Israel's defence and foreign ministers and Abbas
aides. Ahead of the meeting, Olmert told his weekly cabinet meeting that Israel
was ready to talk to Arab nations about their peace plan for the region. "We
are ready to hold talks with any combination of Arab states on their ideas and
I would be glad to hear their ideas on the Saudi initiative," he said. "I'll be
glad to hear their ideas and for them to listen to ours," he added. "I hope
there will be a chance for such meetings."
Comments by Palestinian Government
Saeb Erekat, a senior adviser to Abbas, said: "This meeting is only the
beginning. I don't think that one meeting can solve all the problems or reach
the political horizon."
Arab plan of 2002
An Arab League committee of 13 foreign ministers will meet in Cairo on
Wednesday, 18 April 2007, to talk about setting up several working groups to
promote the 2002 Arab initiative.
Kidnapping of British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) journalist
The South African government calls on the Palestinians to release the BBC
journalist they are currently holding hostage as this only serves to detract
from their very real and just cause.
Palestinian-Israeli prisoner exchange
Hamas, which leads the Palestinian government, has submitted 1 400 names it
wants in exchange for Corporal Gilad Shalit, held by Gaza fighters for ten
months.
The statement from Ehud Olmert's office said he had convened a meeting of
senior officials and intelligence commanders to discuss the list. Israeli
political sources described the list as "highly problematic" and unacceptable
because many on the list had "blood on their hands". Israel said it would
continue its contacts on the matter with Egypt, through whom Hamas handed the
names of the prisoners to Israel. It said that while there had been "some
progress in negotiations, they are far from being completed".
"The various reports that have appeared in this context must be treated with
due caution in order not to create false hopes," it added. Ghazi Hamad, an aide
to Ismail Haniya, the Palestinian Prime Minister and a Hamas leader, said: "If
Israel continues to insist on its own criteria, it will be responsible for the
failure to reach a deal."
Aid to Palestine
Oxfam has called on the European Union to resume sending aid to the
Palestinian government or risk its territories becoming a failed state. Oxfam
said poverty levels had risen by 30%, basic services faced meltdown and
factional violence plagued the streets. This situation, it says, may prevent a
two-state solution with Israel.
Oxfam said the EU should not miss what it called an "opportunity to restore
the faith of the Palestinian people in the Europeans' role as an honest broker"
of the Middle East peace process. "International aid should be provided
impartially on the basis of need, not as a political tool to change the
policies of a government," said Oxfam International Executive Director Jeremy
Hobbs.
"With Palestinian institutions collapsing and insecurity growing, the
resumption of international aid to the Palestinian Authority is a necessary
step to preventing further suffering and securing a just and lasting settlement
on the basis of international law," he said. The EU was the biggest aid donor
to the Palestinian government until Hamas came to power in March 2006. Since
then, the EU has redirected its aid, worth 700 million euros (US $943 million)
in 2006, through a special mechanism to help the neediest people while
bypassing the government to avoid contact with Hamas.
The new Palestinian Finance Minister, Salam Fayyad, told EU leaders in
Brussels on Wednesday, 11 April 2007, that his government urgently needed a
resumption of funds. Mr Fayyad said that one billion euros ($1,35 billion; �681
million) in aid was still needed this year in order to avert a deepening of the
crisis.
Iraq
Statement by United Nations Secretary-General following attack on the Iraqi
Parliament
The Secretary-General deplores the bomb attack in the Iraqi Parliament today
which has killed several Parliamentarians and left many more people wounded.
This attack targeted Iraq's elected officials and attempted to undermine one of
the country's sovereign institutions.
The Secretary-General extends his condolences to the families of the
victims, the Government of Iraq and the Council of Representatives. He once
again urges all Iraqi leaders to come together in a spirit of unity in order to
stem the violence and work towards a more peaceful and stable Iraq.
UN Security Council Presidential Statement on terrorist attack targeting
Iraqi Parliament
"The Security Council condemns in the strongest terms the terrorist attack
in Iraq that targeted the democratically elected Council of Representatives.
The Security Council expresses its deep sympathy and condolences to the victims
of this heinous act of terrorism and their families and to the people and the
Government of Iraq.
"The Security Council underlines the need to bring perpetrators, organisers,
financiers and sponsors of these reprehensible acts of terrorism to justice and
urges all States, in accordance with their obligations under international law
and relevant Security Council resolutions, to co-operate actively with the
Iraqi authorities in this regard.
"The Security Council reaffirms that terrorism in all its forms and
manifestations constitutes one of the most serious threats to international
peace and security and that any acts of terrorism are criminal and
unjustifiable, regardless of their motivation, wherever, whenever and by
whomsoever committed.
"The Security Council further reaffirms the need to combat by all means, in
accordance with the Charter of the United Nations, threats to international
peace and security caused by terrorist acts. The Council reminds States that
they must ensure that any measures taken to combat terrorism comply with all
their obligations under international law, in particular international human
rights, refugee and humanitarian law.
"The Security Council reiterates its determination to combat all forms of
terrorism, in accordance with its responsibilities under the Charter of the
United Nations. The Security Council strongly supports efforts to promote
national dialogue, reconciliation and broad political participation in ensuring
unity, peace, security and stability in Iraq.
"Furthermore, the Security Council demands that those who use violence in an
attempt to subvert the political process must cease hostilities lay down their
arms and participate in that process. The Security Council reaffirms its
continued support for the Iraqi people and government as they rebuild their
country and strengthen the foundations of sustainable peace, constitutional
democracy and social and economic progress."
EU Presidency statement on the bombing of the Iraqi Parliament
The Presidency of the European Union condemns in the strongest possible
terms the attack on the Iraqi parliament on 12 April in which eight people were
killed and many others were injured. The Presidency conveys its sympathy to the
families of the victims and wishes those who have been injured a speedy
recovery.
This was an attack on a major symbol of the nascent Iraqi democracy. The
Iraqi people, by holding elections and referendums under extremely difficult
conditions, have proved that they want to shape their country in a peaceful and
democratic fashion. The Presidency hopes that the Iraqi people and government
will not let violent extremists distract them from this course and it calls
upon all groups and parties in Iraq to embrace their country's development
towards peace and freedom. The international community has a duty to strengthen
Iraqi democracy using all means at its disposal. The conferences scheduled to
be held in Egypt on 3 and 4 May 2007 will make a major contribution towards
that end.
Statement by British Foreign Secretary Margaret Beckett
"I was deeply shocked and saddened to hear of this appalling attack on the
democratically elected members of the Iraqi Parliament going about their day to
day business. My thoughts go out to the families and friends of those killed
and injured in this terrible act.
"Nothing could highlight more the twisted minds of those who are seeking to
disrupt the democratic process in Iraq. Those who carry out these outrageous
attacks offer nothing to the Iraqi people except more murder and destruction.
The Iraqi people have shown great fortitude and courage, they deserve our full
and continued support."
Comments by Pope Benedict XVI
Pope Benedict XVI has voiced his dismay over the turmoil in Iraq and
described the country as "torn apart by continual slaughter". "Nothing positive
comes from Iraq, torn apart by continual slaughter as the civil population
flees," the pope told tens of thousands of people gathered in St Peter's Square
to hear his Easter "Urbi et Orbi" to the city and the world message.
He condemned terrorism and the use of religion to justify a "thousand faces
of violence" and said "peace is sorely needed". Elsewhere in his speech the
pope touched upon the Middle East saying the region's future was "put seriously
in jeopardy" by the political paralysis in Lebanon. But he said he saw "some
signs of hope in the dialogue between Israel and the Palestinian authority"
following the formation of a Palestinian unity government last month.
Nuclear non-proliferation Iran
Comments by President Ahmadinejad
President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad said on Monday, 9 April 2007, that Iran had
begun producing nuclear fuel on "an industrial scale." During a visit to the
Natanz nuclear facility, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad said the nuclear programme was on
its way to the "summit".
"Today this country has joined the countries that produce nuclear fuel on an
industrial scale," Ahmadinejad said. However Mr Larijani said on Wednesday, 11
April 2007, that Tehran is open to discussing concerns over its nuclear
programme, but will not agree to preconditions for the negotiations."
Ali Larijani's comments were a rejection of the UN Security Council's demand
that Tehran suspend uranium enrichment before any talks begin. "Any proposal is
acceptable should it be effective for reaching compromise, understanding and
removal of concerns of both sides. "Mr Larijani also said he will hold talks
with the EU foreign policy chief Javier Solana in the future. "We had earlier
held two telephone conversations and were supposed to negotiate with each other
from Tuesday, 10 to Friday, 13 April 2007.
"But, this was not possible for me. So, it was decided that the talks would
be held after Solana's working trip." He added, "Solana is interested in
precise talks. He has said he has ideas which are supported." The Supreme
National Security Council (SNSC) secretary stated that he told Solana that
talks cannot resume based on the previous approach.
Comments by Foreign Minister Manouchehr Mottaki
Foreign Minister Manouchehr Mottaki said on Tuesday that Iran's talks with
5+1 on its peaceful nuclear activities should be comprehensive and serious,
adding that they should be objective-oriented and aim to come up with a
thorough solution. "If they have something new to talk about, we have
repeatedly declared our readiness for comprehensive and unconditional talks,"
he said.
Comments by Secretary of Supreme National Security Council (SNSC) Ali
Larijani
Larijani also threatened to withdraw from the nuclear Non-Proliferation
Treaty (NPT) if Tehran were subjected to further international pressure over
the issue. "If they pressure us further we will have no choice but to
reconsider our membership of the NPT, as parliament has ruled," he said.
Atomic Energy Organisation of Iran
Head of the Atomic Energy Organisation of Iran (AEOI) Reza Aqazadeh said on
Tuesday, 10 April 2007, that Iran's plan was not installation and launch of
just 3 000 centrifuges at Natanz nuclear site. "We have plans to install 50 000
centrifuges," he told Islamic Republic News Agency (IRNA) in an interview.
"This is while we have made investment and planning for 50 000 centrifuges
at Natanz. "When we say we have entered industrial scale enrichment, it means
there is no way back. Installation of centrifuges will continue steadily to
reach a stage where all the 50 000 centrifuges are launched," he stated.
"I was concerned the foreign media would misuse the issue and pretend that
Iran's nuclear program would end up in installation of just 3 000 centrifuges,"
he said. On future plans of his organisation, Aqazadeh added, "The AEOI intends
to develop, optimise and update nuclear technology in the future."
In response to a question on an international tender for construction of two
1 000 Mega Watts power plants, he said, "We will announce the tender for the
two power plants within the coming days." He added that Iran owed its progress
on peaceful nuclear energy to the guidelines of the Supreme Leader Ayatollah
Seyed Ali Khamenei. "Sometimes it was very difficult to make a decision but the
Supreme Leader adopted wise decisions on such circumstances."
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
The International Atomic Energy Agency, the UN's nuclear watchdog, has said
it has gaps in its knowledge about Iran's plans that must be filled before it
can decide whether or not the programme is peaceful. The head of the UN atomic
watchdog Dr Mohamed ElBaradei said on Thursday, 12 April 2007, that Iran was
still at the starting stage of creating a uranium enrichment plant and that
concerns stemmed more from its motivations than the scale of production.
"There are various definitions of industrial scale production. Iran is still
at the starting stage of creating a uranium enrichment plant," Mohamed
ElBaradei, head of the International Atomic Energy Agency, told reporters in
Riyadh. "The fears do not only stem from Iran conducting industrial production
but rather Iran's aims behind enriching uranium before it has nuclear reactors
for electric power generation that need enriched uranium."
"Iran is still going ahead with the construction of the Natanz reactor with
the goal of having 54 000 centrifuges. Now it is still at the hundreds stage,"
ElBaradei said.
ElBaradei confirmed that IAEA inspectors were in Iran. They began this week
a routine visit to the Natanz facility where Iran carries out its enrichment
work, an Iranian official has said and could provide the first independent
assessment of Iran's assertion.
"Since uranium is being enriched under the supervision of the IAEA, this
means Iran cannot enrich uranium to the scale that would raise concerns on its
use for weapons," he said. "The risk from Iran is not of tomorrow or after
tomorrow, we have to understand this. Even those who believe Iran's goal is to
produce nuclear weapons, believe this will not happen for years," ElBaradei
said. The risk is linked to the future possibilities in Iran's intentions and
this will require a global solution for regional security."
Mohamed ElBaradei, said on conclusion of visit to the Middle East that fears
about Iran's future nuclear intentions are "not for today, but in the coming
five to ten years," an apparent reminder to Mideast nations they don't need to
rush into nuclear programs for fear Iran will build a nuclear weapon soon.
"We still have plenty of time to solve the problem peacefully. We haven't
seen the (Iranian) programme dedicated for military purposes and we didn't see
underground installations," ElBaradei said on Sunday, 15 April 2007.
"We still have a lot of time to co-operate to resolve these problems by
peaceful means. There is no way to resolve the problem and reach a solution
except by negotiation. At the end of the day the Middle East should be a zone
free of weapons of mass destruction, a zone in which Israel and Iran are both
members. This is the last chance to build a security system in the Middle East
based on co-operation and trust and not the possession of nuclear weapons,"
ElBaradei said.
EU Presidency statement on the Iranian nuclear programme
The Presidency of the European Union has noted with great concern the
announcement by Iran that it intends to begin uranium enrichment on an
industrial scale. Such a step by Iran would directly contradict the repeated
requests by the IAEA Board of Governors and the binding calls on Iran by the UN
Security Council, in Resolutions 1737 and 1747, to suspend all
enrichment-related activities.
The Presidency of the European Union once again urges Iran to comply with
the demands of the international community and to create the conditions for a
return to the negotiating table and for a solution to the conflict surrounding
the Iranian nuclear programme.
Comments by European Commission
The European Commission, the EU's executive body, urged the Islamic Republic
on Tuesday to comply with its obligations under the NPT.
"Iran should comply with its obligations under the non-proliferation treaty
and that it should implement the UN Security Council resolution," Commission
spokesperson for external relations, Christiane Hohmann, told reporters in
Brussels.
Questions and answers
Question: Deputy Minister, you say you are confident the situation in Cote
d'Ivoire is moving forward. Are you confident that the twice postponed
elections will now be held?
Answer: If processes are moving and if all parties agree and if the two
outstanding issues which are identification and unification that can be
resolved I cannot see why we cannot meet the deadline.
However, if the deadline cannot be met, then the Security Council would have
to discuss whether to extend this deadline or not. This will have to be by the
collective decision of all Ivorian parties. As I said, in our discussions with
the French, who are very familiar with this situation, there was a general
feeling that we are on track. At the moment, we do believe that we can meet the
deadline.
Question: Deputy Minister, has South Africa been requested by the Security
Council to provide equipment and personnel to the hybrid force in Darfur?
Answer: Now that the decision has been taken regarding the hybrid force, the
Secretary-General, together with the AU, the Department of Peacekeeping
Operations (DPKO) and the Sudanese government will have to meet and determine
exactly what is needed.
We hope that the meeting that is currently underway in New York, chaired by
the Secretary-General, will emerge with concrete details on how to unpack the
broader agreement. We will deal with any further requests as they emerge from
the AU.
Question: Deputy Minister Pahad, will South Africa be a strong proponent in
the Security Council to have Mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo's
(MONUC) mandate extended?
Answer: The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is very crucial to the peace
and stability of Africa. A peaceful, stable DRC is fundamental to the
implementation of NEPAD and the African agenda because of its centrality and
resources. We have been arguing in the Security Council with a few countries,
in line with the report of the Secretary-General that we must not take hasty
decisions regarding ending the MONUC mandate based on costs.
We fully support the Secretary-General's view that the full MONUC contingent
should be extended until 31 December 2007 and if need be further extended. We
will take a very proactive position on this matter. There is a French
resolution that is being discussed. We will make recommendations where we need
to but we will fully support the extension.
Question: Deputy Minister Pahad, I remember seeing a report last week that
the United States (US) would want to propose regulations to prevent countries
that do not have uranium enrichment purposes to not have access to such
technology. What is your view of this?
Answer: We think that the right of all countries who belong to the
International Atomic Energy Agency to have nuclear energy for peaceful purposes
cannot be challenged nor debated. Those who are signatories to the Charter and
who comply with all regulations are entitled to use nuclear energy for peaceful
purposes.
As you know, South Africa does have its own Pebble Bed Modular Reactor
(PBMR) programme.
Incidentally, in our meeting with the French, who are one of the most
advanced countries in using nuclear energy for peaceful purposes, we discussed
collaboration in this area. We also accept that it is Iran's right, as a member
of the IAEA, to use nuclear energy for peaceful means. The challenge with Iran
is that there is no confidence because of past experiences and no security as
to its future intentions. This is why we support the Iranian right to use
nuclear energy for peaceful purposes while calling on Iran to conclude its
discussions with the IAEA so that their programme can be declared safe.
The right to use nuclear power cannot be curtailed by those who already have
such power although we will not support the use of this power for non-peaceful
means.
Question: Deputy Minister Pahad, how can you be sure that Iran will not use
nuclear energy for purposes that are not peaceful?
Answer: This is why we have been strongly urging the Iranian authorities
within the IAEA, the Security Council and bilaterally to overcome this
no-confidence between the EU-US and Iran by completing their negotiations and
answering satisfactorily the two outstanding issues so that their programme can
be declared safe.
The key thing is: Iran's present capacity to produce nuclear weapons is not
being disputed. What is being questioned is Iran's future intentions. This
debate can be closed if Iran complies with requests by the IAEA.
We cannot look at future intentions. My concern is that as we warned a few
months ago, Iran is threatening to withdraw from the IAEA and not adhere to the
non-proliferation treaty. We are therefore urging the Director-General of the
IAEA to spend a lot more time finalising this matter.
Issued by Department of Foreign Affairs
17 April 2007
